Signal normally used to study non-ideal flow by stimulus response technique is __________ input.
Signal normally used to study non-ideal flow by stimulus response technique is __________ input.
Which of the following factors control the design of a fluid-solid reactor?
Which of the following factors control the design of a fluid-solid reactor?
Rate of a chemical reaction is not affected by the
Rate of a chemical reaction is not affected by the
Sum of the powers of the concentration terms in the rate equation is called the __________ of the reaction.
Sum of the powers of the concentration terms in the rate equation is called the __________ of the reaction.
The increase in the rate of reaction with temperature is due to
The increase in the rate of reaction with temperature is due to
Reaction of benzene with chlorine gas to produce tri-chlorobenzene exemplifies a/an __________ reaction.
Reaction of benzene with chlorine gas to produce tri-chlorobenzene exemplifies a/an __________ reaction.
Pick out the wrong statement.
Pick out the wrong statement.
For the liquid phase parallel reactions:
R, rR = K?.CA2; E? = 80 KJ/mole
S, rS = K?.CA ; E? = 120 KJ/mole
The desired product is R. A higher selectivity of R will be achieved, if the reaction is conducted at
For the liquid phase parallel reactions:
R, rR = K?.CA2; E? = 80 KJ/mole
S, rS = K?.CA ; E? = 120 KJ/mole
The desired product is R. A higher selectivity of R will be achieved, if the reaction is conducted at
A catalyst in a chemical reaction __________ free energy change in the reaction.
A catalyst in a chemical reaction __________ free energy change in the reaction.
The reaction A → B is conducted in an adiabatic plug flow reactor (PFR). Pure A at a concentration of 2 kmol/m³ is fed to the reactor at the rate of 0.01 m³ /s and at a temperature of 500 K. If the exit conversion is 20%, then the exit temperature (in k)is (Data: Heat of reaction at 298 K = - 50000 kJ/ kmole of A reacted Heat capacities CPA = CPB = 100kJ/kmole. K (may be assumed to be independent of temperature))
The reaction A → B is conducted in an adiabatic plug flow reactor (PFR). Pure A at a concentration of 2 kmol/m³ is fed to the reactor at the rate of 0.01 m³ /s and at a temperature of 500 K. If the exit conversion is 20%, then the exit temperature (in k)is (Data: Heat of reaction at 298 K = - 50000 kJ/ kmole of A reacted Heat capacities CPA = CPB = 100kJ/kmole. K (may be assumed to be independent of temperature))
The rate expression for a heterogenous catalytic reaction is given by, - rA = K.KA PA(1 + KA.PA + Kr.PR), where K is surface reaction rate constant and KA and KR are absorption equilibrium constants of A and R respectively. If KR PR >> (1 + KA PA), the apparent activation energy EA is equal to (given E is the activation energy for the reaction and ΔHR and ΔHA are the activation energies of adsorption of R and A)
The rate expression for a heterogenous catalytic reaction is given by, - rA = K.KA PA(1 + KA.PA + Kr.PR), where K is surface reaction rate constant and KA and KR are absorption equilibrium constants of A and R respectively. If KR PR >> (1 + KA PA), the apparent activation energy EA is equal to (given E is the activation energy for the reaction and ΔHR and ΔHA are the activation energies of adsorption of R and A)
In autocatalytic reactions,
In autocatalytic reactions,
For the reversible reaction A ⇋ 2B, if the equilibrium constant K is 0.05 mole/litre; starting from initially 2 moles of A and zero moles of B, how many moles will be formed at equilibrium?
For the reversible reaction A ⇋ 2B, if the equilibrium constant K is 0.05 mole/litre; starting from initially 2 moles of A and zero moles of B, how many moles will be formed at equilibrium?
Transition state theory relates the above quantities as
Transition state theory relates the above quantities as
In case of a P.F.R., there
In case of a P.F.R., there
For the chemical reaction X → Y, it is observed that, on doubling the concentration of 'X', the reaction rate quadruples. If the reaction rate is proportional to Cxn, then what is the value of 'n' ?
For the chemical reaction X → Y, it is observed that, on doubling the concentration of 'X', the reaction rate quadruples. If the reaction rate is proportional to Cxn, then what is the value of 'n' ?
Pick out the correct statement.
Pick out the correct statement.
With an increase in pressure in gaseous phase chemical reactions, the fractional conversion __________ when the number of moles decreases.
With an increase in pressure in gaseous phase chemical reactions, the fractional conversion __________ when the number of moles decreases.
The minimum energy required to allow a chemical reaction to proceed is termed as the 'threshold energy '. Chemical reaction with low activation energy are
The minimum energy required to allow a chemical reaction to proceed is termed as the 'threshold energy '. Chemical reaction with low activation energy are
An imbalanced chemical reaction equation is against the law of
An imbalanced chemical reaction equation is against the law of
The response curve for a step input signal from a reactor is called C-curve. The variance of C-curve in a 'tanks in series model' comprising of 'm' tanks is equal to
The response curve for a step input signal from a reactor is called C-curve. The variance of C-curve in a 'tanks in series model' comprising of 'm' tanks is equal to
Carrier in a catalyst increases its
Carrier in a catalyst increases its
For the non-catalytic reaction of particles with surrounding fluid, the time needed to achieve the same fractional conversion for particles of different but unchanging sizes is proportional to the square of particle diameter, when the __________ is the controlling resistance.
For the non-catalytic reaction of particles with surrounding fluid, the time needed to achieve the same fractional conversion for particles of different but unchanging sizes is proportional to the square of particle diameter, when the __________ is the controlling resistance.
Half life period of a first order irreversible reaction A → B is
Half life period of a first order irreversible reaction A → B is
With increase in the order of reaction (for all positive reaction orders), the ratio of the volume of mixed reactor to the volume of plug flow reactor (for identical feed composition, flow rate and conversion)
With increase in the order of reaction (for all positive reaction orders), the ratio of the volume of mixed reactor to the volume of plug flow reactor (for identical feed composition, flow rate and conversion)
A first order reaction is to be treated in a series of two mixed reactors. The total volume of the two reactors is minimum, when the reactors are
A first order reaction is to be treated in a series of two mixed reactors. The total volume of the two reactors is minimum, when the reactors are
Autocatalytic reactions are best carried out in a
Autocatalytic reactions are best carried out in a
Which one is the rate controlling step in a solid-gas non-catalytic reaction occurring at very high temperature?
Which one is the rate controlling step in a solid-gas non-catalytic reaction occurring at very high temperature?
For a packed bed reactor; the presence of a long tail in the residence time distribution curve is an indication of
For a packed bed reactor; the presence of a long tail in the residence time distribution curve is an indication of
Holding time for flow reactors is __________ the space time, for constant fluid density
Holding time for flow reactors is __________ the space time, for constant fluid density
A gaseous reactant is introduced in a mixed reactor of 3 litres volume at the rate of 1 litre/second. The space time is __________ seconds.
A gaseous reactant is introduced in a mixed reactor of 3 litres volume at the rate of 1 litre/second. The space time is __________ seconds.
The exit age distribution curve E(t) for an ideal CSTR with the average residence time, τ, is given by
The exit age distribution curve E(t) for an ideal CSTR with the average residence time, τ, is given by
Pick out the correct statement.
Pick out the correct statement.
If ΔG (free energy change) for a chemical reaction is very large and negative, then the reaction is
If ΔG (free energy change) for a chemical reaction is very large and negative, then the reaction is
Which of the following is an autocatalytic reaction?
Which of the following is an autocatalytic reaction?
Semibatch reactor is preferred, when a/an
Semibatch reactor is preferred, when a/an
Equilibrium of a chemical reaction as viewed by kinetics is a __________ state.
Equilibrium of a chemical reaction as viewed by kinetics is a __________ state.
What is the order of a chemical reaction in which doubling the initial concentration of the reactants doubles the half life time of the reaction?
What is the order of a chemical reaction in which doubling the initial concentration of the reactants doubles the half life time of the reaction?
In which of the following gaseous phase reactions, the equilibrium of the reaction remains unaffacted by pressure changes ?
In which of the following gaseous phase reactions, the equilibrium of the reaction remains unaffacted by pressure changes ?
Fluidised bed reactor is characterised by
Fluidised bed reactor is characterised by
In Langmuir treatment of adsorption,
In Langmuir treatment of adsorption,
The importance of diffusion in a catalyst are increased by
The importance of diffusion in a catalyst are increased by
Reactions with high activation energy are
Reactions with high activation energy are
Which of the following is a controlling factor in very fast heterogeneous reaction?
Which of the following is a controlling factor in very fast heterogeneous reaction?
Pick out the correct statement.
Pick out the correct statement.
6 gm of carbon is burnt with an amount of air containing 18 gm oxygen. The product contains 16.5 gms CO₂ and 2.8 gms CO besides other constituents. What is the degree of conversion on the basis of disappearance of limiting reactant?
6 gm of carbon is burnt with an amount of air containing 18 gm oxygen. The product contains 16.5 gms CO₂ and 2.8 gms CO besides other constituents. What is the degree of conversion on the basis of disappearance of limiting reactant?
Kinetics of a catalytic reaction can be best studied on a/an __________ reactor.
Kinetics of a catalytic reaction can be best studied on a/an __________ reactor.
In a semi-batch reactor
In a semi-batch reactor
A batch adiabatic reactor at an initial temperature of 373°K is being used for the reaction, A → B. Assume the heat of reaction is - 1kJ/mole at 373°K and heat capacity of both A and B to be constant and equal to 50J/mole.K. The temperature rise after a conversion of 0.5 will be
A batch adiabatic reactor at an initial temperature of 373°K is being used for the reaction, A → B. Assume the heat of reaction is - 1kJ/mole at 373°K and heat capacity of both A and B to be constant and equal to 50J/mole.K. The temperature rise after a conversion of 0.5 will be
If CA is the quantity of reactants initially present, the quantity left after 'n' half periods will be equal to
If CA is the quantity of reactants initially present, the quantity left after 'n' half periods will be equal to
At a given value of E/R (ratio of activation energy and gas constant), the ratio of the rate constants at 500°K and 400°K is 2, if Arrhenious law is used. What will be this ratio, if transition state theory is used with the same value of E/R?
At a given value of E/R (ratio of activation energy and gas constant), the ratio of the rate constants at 500°K and 400°K is 2, if Arrhenious law is used. What will be this ratio, if transition state theory is used with the same value of E/R?
In a chemical reaction, __________ are conserved.
In a chemical reaction, __________ are conserved.
Rate determining step in a reaction consisting of a number of steps in series is the __________ step.
Rate determining step in a reaction consisting of a number of steps in series is the __________ step.
Reverse reaction in a chemical equilibrium is favoured by the
Reverse reaction in a chemical equilibrium is favoured by the
In the reversible reaction of the type, A + B ⇋ AB, in general
In the reversible reaction of the type, A + B ⇋ AB, in general
For the gaseous reaction 2A → B, where the feed consists of 50 mole % A and 50 mole % inerts, the expansion factor is
For the gaseous reaction 2A → B, where the feed consists of 50 mole % A and 50 mole % inerts, the expansion factor is
Which of the following will favour the reverse reaction in a chemical equilibrium reaction?
Which of the following will favour the reverse reaction in a chemical equilibrium reaction?
Chemical reaction rate of a component depends upon the
Chemical reaction rate of a component depends upon the
Velocity of a chemical reaction
Velocity of a chemical reaction
For the non catalytic reaction of particles with surrounding fluid, the same needed to achive the same fractional conversion for particles of different unchanging sizes is proportional to the particle diameter, when the __________ is the controlling resistance.
For the non catalytic reaction of particles with surrounding fluid, the same needed to achive the same fractional conversion for particles of different unchanging sizes is proportional to the particle diameter, when the __________ is the controlling resistance.
A multiple reaction may be classified as a __________ reaction.
A multiple reaction may be classified as a __________ reaction.
The rate of a homogeneous reaction is a function of
The rate of a homogeneous reaction is a function of
In chamber process of sulphuric acid manufacture in industry, the gas phase oxidation of SO₂ to SO₃ is accomplished by a __________ reaction.
In chamber process of sulphuric acid manufacture in industry, the gas phase oxidation of SO₂ to SO₃ is accomplished by a __________ reaction.
__________ catalytic reaction is involved in the thermal cracking of gas oil.
__________ catalytic reaction is involved in the thermal cracking of gas oil.
The dimensions of rate constant for reaction 3A → B are (l/gm mole)/min. Therefore the reaction order is
The dimensions of rate constant for reaction 3A → B are (l/gm mole)/min. Therefore the reaction order is
Which of the following is a characteristic of an ideal plug flow reactor?
Which of the following is a characteristic of an ideal plug flow reactor?
Pick out the correct statement.
Pick out the correct statement.
An endothermic second order reaction is carried out in an adiabatic plug flow reactor. The rate of heat generation is
An endothermic second order reaction is carried out in an adiabatic plug flow reactor. The rate of heat generation is
Which of the following is not a theory of homogeneous reaction?
Which of the following is not a theory of homogeneous reaction?
The reason why a catalyst increases the rate of reaction is that, it
The reason why a catalyst increases the rate of reaction is that, it
Ionic reactions occur in
Ionic reactions occur in
If the time required to change the concentration of reactant to half its original value is independent of the initial concentration, the order of reaction is
If the time required to change the concentration of reactant to half its original value is independent of the initial concentration, the order of reaction is
The role of a catalyst in a chemical reaction is to change the
The role of a catalyst in a chemical reaction is to change the
The catalytic converter for conversion of SO₂ to SO₃ by contact process should have a feed with SO₂ content between
The catalytic converter for conversion of SO₂ to SO₃ by contact process should have a feed with SO₂ content between
Rate of an autocatalytic chemical reaction is a function of
Rate of an autocatalytic chemical reaction is a function of
With increase in temperature, the equilibrium conversion of a reversible exothermic reaction
With increase in temperature, the equilibrium conversion of a reversible exothermic reaction
Design of heterogeous catalytic reactor involves consideration of __________ steps.
Design of heterogeous catalytic reactor involves consideration of __________ steps.
Arhenious equation shows the variation of __________ with temperature.
Arhenious equation shows the variation of __________ with temperature.
Which of the following is not a dimension-less group used in catalysis ? (where, D = dispersion co-efficient, cm² /sec.D1 = diffusion co-efficient; cm²/sec L = length of the reactor, cm t = time, sec, v = volumetric flow rate, cm³/sec . V = volume, cm³.)
Which of the following is not a dimension-less group used in catalysis ? (where, D = dispersion co-efficient, cm² /sec.D1 = diffusion co-efficient; cm²/sec L = length of the reactor, cm t = time, sec, v = volumetric flow rate, cm³/sec . V = volume, cm³.)
Variables affecting the rate of homogeneous reactions are
Variables affecting the rate of homogeneous reactions are
Helium-mercury method is used for the measurement of the __________ of the catalyst.
Helium-mercury method is used for the measurement of the __________ of the catalyst.
Space time equals the mean residence time
Space time equals the mean residence time
Pick out the wrong statement.
Pick out the wrong statement.
A pulse tracer is introduced in an ideal CSTR (with a mean residence time ι) at time, t = 0. The time taken for the exit concentration of the tracer to reach half of its initial value will be
A pulse tracer is introduced in an ideal CSTR (with a mean residence time ι) at time, t = 0. The time taken for the exit concentration of the tracer to reach half of its initial value will be
The rate of forward reaction, at chemical equilibrium is____the rate of backward reaction.
The rate of forward reaction, at chemical equilibrium is____the rate of backward reaction.
The value of 'n' for a chemical reaction A → B, whose reaction rate is → CAn, will be __________ if the rate of the reaction increases by a factor of 8, when the concentration of is doubled.
The value of 'n' for a chemical reaction A → B, whose reaction rate is → CAn, will be __________ if the rate of the reaction increases by a factor of 8, when the concentration of is doubled.
A liquid decomposes by irreversible first order kinetics and the half life period of this reaction is 8 minutes. The time required for 75% conversion of the liquid will be __________ minutes.
A liquid decomposes by irreversible first order kinetics and the half life period of this reaction is 8 minutes. The time required for 75% conversion of the liquid will be __________ minutes.
In a semi-batch reactor,
In a semi-batch reactor,
If in the gaseous phase reaction, N₂O₄ ⇋ 2NO₂, x is the part of N₂O₄ which dissociates, then the number of molecules at equilibrium will be
If in the gaseous phase reaction, N₂O₄ ⇋ 2NO₂, x is the part of N₂O₄ which dissociates, then the number of molecules at equilibrium will be
Which of the following is not endothermic in nature?
Which of the following is not endothermic in nature?
A reversible liquid phase endothermic reaction is to be carried out in a plug flow reactor. For minimum reactor volume, it should be operated such that the temperature along the length
A reversible liquid phase endothermic reaction is to be carried out in a plug flow reactor. For minimum reactor volume, it should be operated such that the temperature along the length
The single parameter model proposed for describing non-ideal flow is the __________ model.
The single parameter model proposed for describing non-ideal flow is the __________ model.
Arrhenious equation represents graphically the variation between the __________ and temperature.
Arrhenious equation represents graphically the variation between the __________ and temperature.
Given,
3H₂ + CO = CH₄ + H₂O, KP = 101.84 and,
4H₂ + CO₂ = CH₄ + 2H₂O, KP = 101.17
the KP for the reaction CO + H₂O = CO₂ + H₂ is
Given,
3H₂ + CO = CH₄ + H₂O, KP = 101.84 and,
4H₂ + CO₂ = CH₄ + 2H₂O, KP = 101.17
the KP for the reaction CO + H₂O = CO₂ + H₂ is
Pick out the wrong statement.
Pick out the wrong statement.
The exit age distribution of fluid leaving a vessel is used to know the
The exit age distribution of fluid leaving a vessel is used to know the
For an isothermal second order aqueous phase reaction, A → B, the ratio of the time required for 90% conversion to the time required for 45% conversion is
For an isothermal second order aqueous phase reaction, A → B, the ratio of the time required for 90% conversion to the time required for 45% conversion is
Cold shot cooling is only practical when the feed temperature is __________ than the reaction temperature.
Cold shot cooling is only practical when the feed temperature is __________ than the reaction temperature.
An irreversible aqueous phase reaction, A + B → P, is carried out in an adiabatic mixed flow reactor. A feed containing 4kmole/m³ of each A and B enters the reactor at 8m³ /hr. If the temperature of the exit stream is never to exceed 390 K, what is the maximum inlet feed temperature allowed?
(Data: Heat of reaction = - 50 kJ/mole, Density of the reacting mixture = 1000kg/m³, Specific heat of reacting mixture = 2kJ/kg.K)
The above data can be assumed to be independent of temperature and composition.
An irreversible aqueous phase reaction, A + B → P, is carried out in an adiabatic mixed flow reactor. A feed containing 4kmole/m³ of each A and B enters the reactor at 8m³ /hr. If the temperature of the exit stream is never to exceed 390 K, what is the maximum inlet feed temperature allowed?
(Data: Heat of reaction = - 50 kJ/mole, Density of the reacting mixture = 1000kg/m³, Specific heat of reacting mixture = 2kJ/kg.K)
The above data can be assumed to be independent of temperature and composition.
In case of staged packed bed reactors carrying out exothermic reaction, use
In case of staged packed bed reactors carrying out exothermic reaction, use
